cheat-sheet

• Convert Emails
• File Management
• Network, Firewall, UFW
• NFS
• Videos
• Hylafax
• Linux Users
• Windows
• Data Recovery
• QEMU

My cheat sheet for commands I have trouble remembering.

Converting Emails

EML to MBOX using eml2mbox (email2mbox-git on AUR)

cd /path/to/eml/files
eml2mbox

This creates .archive.mbox.

MBOX to HTML Threads using Mhonarc (mhonarc on AUR)

cd /path/to/.archive.mbox/file
mhonarc .archive.mbox

This creates threads.html and extracts all information into the directory.

File Management

List number of files (for instance, # of .mp4)

ls *.mp4 | cat -n

Recursively Zip subdirectories into their own .zip files

for i in */; do zip -r "${i%/}.zip" "$i"; done

for i in */; do echo zip -r "${i%/}.zip" "$i"; done to see the commands ran

Rsync

rsync -avh --progress /sourcefile /destinationfolder/ Add --dry-run to test

LuksEncryption | cryptsetup

sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sda1 my_encrypted_volume

sudo mkdir /media/my_device
sudo mount /dev/mapper/my_encrypted_volume /media/my_device

sudo umount /media/my_device
sudo cryptsetup luksClose my_encrypted_volume

Find and copy files by extension recursively

find . -name '*.pdf' -exec cp -r {} /home/jpickard/pdffiles \;

7-Zip compression (p7zip)

7z a archivename.7z thingtobearchived

Compress and split files (6GB chunks in below example)

7z -v6g a ARCHIVE.7z DIRECTORY.OF.FILES

Recursively unzip

while [ "`find . -type f -name '*.zip' | wc -l`" -gt 0 ]; do find -type f -name "*.zip" -exec unzip -- '{}' \; -exec rm -- '{}' \;; done

tar.bz2

Let’s say you have an extra-large directory that you want to compress as much as possible. If tar.gz results in an over-sized file, try using tar.bz2 instead. Note that this option does take a little longer.

This archive method adds only one new option: -j, as shown in the following example:

tar -jcvf <archive name>.tar.bz2 /directory/to/compress OR tar -jcvf <archive name>.tar.bz2 ‘*.jpg’

Again, to extract a .tar.bz2 file, switch the -c for -x, as shown in the following examples:

tar -jxvf <archive name>.tar.bz2 OR tar -jxvf <archive name>.tar.bz2 -C /directory/to/extract/to/

Merge PDF files

Ghostscript

gs -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOUTPUTFILE=mergedfile.pdf -dBATCH file1.pdf file2.pdf

ImageMagick

convert file1.pdf[0-1] file2.pdf mergedfile.pdf

Convert webp to JPG/PNG

dwebp mycat.webp -o mycat.png

ExifTool

List metadata of image

exiftool image.jpg

Remove metadata of image

exiftool -all= image.jpg /or/ exiftool -all= *.jpg

Recursively, overwriting the files

exiftool -overwrite_original -recurse -all= *.jpg

UFW

Examples

ufw status numbered
ufw delete 2
ufw allow from 192.168.1.10 to any port 22 proto tcp
ufw allow in on tailscal0 to interfaceip port 22 from otherdeviceip
ufw reset

List ports Linux is listening on

sudo ss -tunlp

sudo lsof -nP -iTCP -sTCP:LISTEN

List alive IPs on Network (nmap)

sudo nmap -n -sn 192.168.56.0/24 -oG - | awk '/Up$/{print $2}' | sort -V

Ping numerous IPs at once (using GNU Parallel)

parallel -u ping ::: host1 host2 host3

Mount NFS Share (nfs-common or nfs-utils)

sudo mount -t nfs 10.10.0.10:/backups /var/backups

/etc/fstab

# <file system>     <dir>       <type>   <options>   <dump>	<pass>
10.10.0.10:/backups /var/backups  nfs      defaults    0       0

Merge video files with ffmpeg

$ cat files.txt
file 'file 1.mkv'
file 'file 2.mkv'
file 'file 3.mkv'
file 'file 4.mkv'

ffmpeg -f concat -safe 0 -i files.txt -c copy output.mkv

Split Video into 300 Second Chunks

ffmpeg -i fff.avi -acodec copy -f segment -segment_time 300 -vcodec copy -reset_timestamps 1 -map 0 fff%d.avi

Rotate Videos

ffmpeg -i in.mov -vf "transpose=1" out.mov

0 = 90CounterCLockwise and Vertical Flip (default) 
1 = 90Clockwise 
2 = 90CounterClockwise 
3 = 90Clockwise and Vertical Flip

Hylafax

Add Users

faxadduser -p password -u 1001 username (where 1001 is UID from /etc/group)

Send a Fax

sendfax -n -d 8643605 test // where test is a text document with content

Remove a fax from queue

faxrm jobid

Watch fax status

watch -n 2 faxstat -s

Linux Users

Delete User

sudo deluser username

Add User with Specific UID

sudo adduser -u UIDNUMBER username

Add user to specific Group

sudo usermod -aG GROUP USERNAME

Windows

Get Interface MAC Easy

getmac /v

Batch rename extensions

ren *.* *.jpg

List usernames on machine

net user

Change user password

net user username newpassword

Disconnect from network drives/directories

net use * /del (Then restart service Workstation and check Credential Manager)

Create Directory and hide it

mkdir Pickard
attrib +s +h Pickard

Manage Processes

List Running Tasks

tasklist

Force Kill a Task

taskkill /IM JailTracker.exe /F

List Printers from CMD

wmic printer list brief

Clear Temporary files

rd %temp% /s /q

Add Persistent Static Route

route -p add 192.168.56.0 mask 255.255.255.0 192.168.30.1 metric 1

route -p add NETWORK mask NETMASK GATEWAY metric 1

DISM

DISM /Online /Cleanup /CheckHealth DISM /Online /Cleanup /ScanHealth DISM /Online /Cleanup /RestoreHealth

Restart to BIOS (in C:\Windows\System32)

shutdown /r /fw /f /t 0

Data Recovery

ddrescue

Take an image of a drive and log:

sudo ddrescue /dev/sdb path/to/image.dd path/to/log.txt

Clone Disk A to Disk B:

sudo ddrescue --force --no-scrape /dev/sdA /dev/sdB path/to/log.txt

QEMU

Get disk information

qemu-img info disk.qcow2

Shrink .qcow2

qemu-img resize disk.qcow2 --shrink -10G

Import qcow2

sudo qm importdisk 101 disk.qcow2 localstorageplace

Convert VHDX to qcow2

qemu-img convert -O qcow2 /data/source.vhdx /data/output.qcow2 -p